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THE 3rd STATE OF MATTER – GAS

Gases are all around us but most of the time we don't give them much thought. However, along with solids and liquids, gases are one of the main states of matter and the way they behave is vital for life on Earth. For example, when we breathe in, we increase the volume of our lungs,... Continue Reading →

MERCURY: On The Surface of The most Cratered planet our Solar System.

Mercury is one of the 4 terrestrial planet in our Solar System and also the one we didn't know much about until quite recently. As it is the smallest planet among the total of 8 and also being the closest to the Sun, Mercury was dificult to study. In early research, astronomers believed that Mercury... Continue Reading →

WHAT ARE THE NON-NEWTONIAN LIQUIDS?

If matter is exposed to an external force such as shear stress also influenced by temperature and pressure, it tends to either have a plastic deformation or starts to flow. The volume of matter which continuously changes its shape under the influence of any force or stress, it flows and the substance is called fluid.... Continue Reading →

WHAT ARE THE NEWTONIAN LIQUIDS?

Liquid and gas are 2 different states of matter yet they have a lot in common. Both are fluid and both have free flow. In physics, the term fluid refers to any material that continuously changes its shape and form under the influence of any force or stress. The shear modulus of fluid is zero,... Continue Reading →

THE 2nd STATE OF MATTER – LIQUID

We usually use the terms liquid and fluid interchangeably in general to refer to a substance which is in a liquid state, such as water. However, there is a stark difference in both terms. In physics, the term fluid refers to any liquid, gas or other material that continuously changes its shape and form under... Continue Reading →

WHAT ARE THE METALLIC SOLIDS?

In this article Iet's talk about the most common type of solids: THE METALLIC SOLIDS. These are the ones which we use on daily basis. Just look around you and you'll notice that most man-made objects are either made of a metals or at least contain 1 metallic component. For example, your watch has metal... Continue Reading →

WHAT ARE THE MOLECULAR SOLIDS?

During the wintertime when it snows, if you are like most school kids, you get pretty excited about snowy days. On your day off, you might go outside and play in the snow as you watch the snowflakes fall. When a snowflake lands on your gloved hands, you can see the shape of the snowflake... Continue Reading →

WHAT ARE THE IONIC SOLIDS?

The category of solids you'll read about next has very much to do with our food, simply because eat them. These are THE IONIC SOLIDS. Let just start with an example. Have you ever used Epsom salt to help with muscle soreness and stress? If you do, then let me tell you that Epsom salt... Continue Reading →

WHAT ARE THE COVALENT NETWORK SOLIDS?

Solid is the 1st state of matter and also the most studied and used. Anyone entering into materials science engineering the 1st stage of study starts with learning and understanding solids. In my previous article I was briefly introducing the concept of SOLID, what is it, how does it occur and what are it main... Continue Reading →

THE 1st STATE OF MATTER – SOLID

The Periodic Table of Elements contains 118 elements we currently have knowledge about. 92 of them occur naturally on Earth , all the rest  are artificially made. Most of the 118 elements at normal temperature (20°C) and pressure (1atm), occur in solid state, a few are gases and just 2 are liquid (mercury Hg and... Continue Reading →

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